Abdominal Pain: Common Causes, Warning Signs and When to Seek Medical Care

Published on February 22, 2026 at 2:13 AM

Read in: English | Nigerian Pidgin


Abdominal pain — often called stomach pain — is one of the most common symptoms in both adults and children.

It can range from mild discomfort to severe, sharp pain.

Most cases are not serious. However, certain patterns of abdominal pain require urgent evaluation.

Understanding the difference is important.


What Can Cause Abdominal Pain?

The abdomen contains many organs, including the stomach, intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and appendix.

Abdominal pain may occur in different areas of the abdomen, including the upper stomach, lower abdomen, or the right or left side.

Common causes include:

1️⃣ Indigestion or Gas

• Bloating
• Mild cramping
• Discomfort after eating

Usually improves on its own.


2️⃣ Gastroenteritis (“Stomach Infection”)

• Abdominal cramps
Diarrhea
• Vomiting
Fever

Often caused by viral or bacterial infection.

Hydration is very important.


3️⃣ Typhoid Fever

Persistent abdominal pain with:

• Ongoing fever
Weakness
• Loss of appetite

Typhoid requires medical treatment.


4️⃣ Malaria

Although malaria mainly causes fever, it may also cause:

• General body pain
• Abdominal discomfort
• Nausea

Abdominal pain — often called stomach pain — is one of the most common symptoms.


5️⃣ Peptic Ulcer Disease

• Burning pain in the upper abdomen
• Pain that improves or worsens after eating
• Nausea


6️⃣ Appendicitis (Medical Emergency)

• Pain starting near the navel and moving to the lower right side
• Worsening pain over hours
• Fever
• Vomiting

Appendicitis requires urgent surgery.


When Is Abdominal Pain an Emergency?

Seek urgent medical care if abdominal pain is:

• Severe and sudden
• Persistent and worsening
• Associated with high fever
• Accompanied by vomiting blood
• Associated with blood in stool
• Causing inability to pass stool or gas
• Occurring with fainting or severe weakness

Do not ignore severe or progressive pain.


Abdominal Pain in Children

Children frequently experience abdominal pain.

Common causes include:

• Viral infection
• Constipation
• Worm infestation

However, urgent evaluation is needed if a child:

• Appears unusually weak
• Has persistent vomiting
• Develops high fever
• Has severe localized pain
• Refuses to eat or drink

Parents should focus on the child’s overall condition, not just the pain complaint.


When Should You See a Doctor?

Seek medical care if:

• Pain lasts more than a few days
• Pain keeps returning
• You suspect typhoid
• There is unexplained weight loss
• There are changes in bowel habits

Persistent abdominal pain should not be self-treated without proper evaluation.


Final Thoughts

Abdominal pain is common and often mild.

However, severe, persistent, or worsening pain should always be taken seriously.

When in doubt, seek medical advice.

Early evaluation can prevent complications.

Better safe than sorry.


Medical References

• World Health Organization – Gastrointestinal Infection Guidelines
• CDC – Abdominal Pain Overview
• WHO – Typhoid Fact Sheets
• Peer-reviewed gastroenterology guidelines


Medical Disclaimer

This article is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional regarding medical concerns.

 

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