Brain & Nervous System Disorders

🩺 Medically reviewed by the Health Decoded Guide Editorial Team · Last reviewed: August 2026

Brain and nervous system disorders are conditions that affect the brain, spinal cord or nerves. They can affect how a person moves, thinks, remembers, communicates or how different parts of the body work.

Health Decoded Guide provides easy-to-understand, medically reviewed information about common neurological conditions, including epilepsy, stroke, Parkinson’s disease, dementia, multiple sclerosis and nerve disorders.

Some neurological conditions can be managed successfully with treatment and ongoing care, while others may require long-term support.

Browse brain and nervous system disorders below.

⚡ Seizure Disorders

• Epilepsy
• Absence Epilepsy / Absence Seizures
• Focal Epilepsy
• Generalised Epilepsy

🧠 Stroke & Brain Blood Vessel Conditions

• Ischaemic Stroke
• Haemorrhagic Stroke
• Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA)
• Brain Aneurysm
• Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

🤕 Headache Disorders

These belong here when we're talking about the diagnosed disorder, rather than the symptom “headache.”

• Migraine
• Migraine With Aura
• Chronic Migraine
• Tension-Type Headache
• Cluster Headache
• Medication-Overuse Headache

🧍🏾 Movement & Coordination Disorders

• Parkinson’s Disease
• Essential Tremor
• Dystonia
• Huntington’s Disease
• Ataxia
• Tourette Syndrome

🧩 Memory & Cognitive Disorders

• Dementia
• Alzheimer’s Disease
• Vascular Dementia
• Lewy Body Dementia
• Frontotemporal Dementia
• Mild Cognitive Impairment

🧬 Nerve & Neuromuscular Disorders

• Peripheral Neuropathy
• Diabetic Neuropathy
• Bell’s Palsy
• Trigeminal Neuralgia
• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
• Myasthenia Gravis
• Guillain-Barré Syndrome
• Motor Neurone Disease (MND / ALS)
• Muscular Dystrophy

🧠 Brain & Spinal Cord Disorders

• Multiple Sclerosis
• Brain Tumours
• Hydrocephalus
• Cerebral Palsy
• Syringomyelia
• Transverse Myelitis

👶🏾 Neurodevelopmental Disorders

• Autism Spectrum Disorder
• ADHD
• Developmental Coordination Disorder (Dyspraxia)
• Intellectual Disability
• Learning Disabilities